A structured approach to pharmacometric covariate modelling: why the estimand is the first decision and the method the second PAGE 34 (2026) Abstr 11875 Jonsson EN, Jönsson S, Hansson E, Nyberg J. ConferenceMethodologyPharmacometricsTrial design and analysis Pharmetheus Affiliates Scientific Director & Pharmacometrics Scientific Lead Niclas Jonsson See bio Senior Director, R&D Scientist Siv Jönsson See bio Senior Director, Regulatory Affairs Emma Hansson See bio Chief Technology Officer Joakim Nyberg See bio