This workshop introduces how MIDD can be used to support probabilistic decisions in drug development. Participants will explore a number of relevant concepts such as power, assurance, probability of pharmacological success (PoPS), probability of technical success (PTS), and probability of technical and regulatory success (PTRS). Important requirements for the basis of such probability predictions, including fit-for-purpose models and clinical trial simulations, are also highlighted. In addition to basic theory, the workshop includes relevant case-studies and practical recommendations on efficient communication of MIDD approaches.